Article 370 of the Indian Constitution - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2006 Downloads: 11 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Topics: Act Essay Did you like this example? ELEMENTS OF LAW PROJECT ARTICLE 370 OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION Article 370 of Indian Constitution Article 370 which lie under the Part XXI of Indian Constitution showcases about the special rights and status given to Jammu Kashmir State, stating it will enjoy different set of laws then the other states. This article looks after the Temporary and Transitional changes along with the special provisions for the benefits of state. It came into act in 1950, and the required changes are made by the president when necessary. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Article 370 of the Indian Constitution" essay for you Create order Indian parliament can make changes in laws only related to defense, foreign affairs, finance and communication without permissions of state government. At the time of implementation it was set to be temporary, with a view of withdrawing at a right time, without that right time till now. Provisions of article 238 may not be applicable in Jammu Kashmir. The matters mentioned in the Concurrent List as along with Union List are announced by the President with decision with the State about the issues related to the State. The President by passing a notice can make amendments in the application of the Article in the state. These are few important provisions mentioned in Article 370 Jammu and Kashmir government would have 6 year term. They have two different flags for state and nation. People of Jammu Kashmir enjoys dual citizenship, i.e. of the state as well as the country, except a woman marries a person resident of other state, while it remains intact when she marries a Pakistani male. Indian Parliament cannot increase of decrease the border of state. Supreme Court jurisdiction does not apply in Jammu Kashmir. Parliament cannot declare any financial emergency in the state except in situation of war or any external sufferings. No one residing outside the state can purchase the land. The citizens of the state falls in Constitute of Jammu Kashmir rather than the Constitution of India Insulting the nationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s symbols like Flag or national anthem is not considered to be the crime in the state. CBI is not allowed to work in the state. History of Article 370 On February 20, 1947 Britishers declared of giving freedom to India by dividing the 562 princely states in majority of Hindus and Muslims. With 14 states under Pakistan while rest 548 joining India. To unite these states à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Instrument of Accessionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ was passed, where only the defense, external force and communication will be under the central government. So the result was by the day of independence all the states accepted the proposal except Hyderabad, Junagarh and Jammu Kashmir. Talking of Jammu Kashmir, Hindu maharaja à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Hari Singhà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ ruled the state with majority Muslim residents. He wanted Jammu Kashmir to be independent state. During that course, Pakistan attacked the state. So with left with no options he decided to join India and he signed the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Instrument of Accessionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ on 26th October 1947. During the period, Sheikh Abdullah leader of Jammu Kashmir under the rule of Yuvraj Karan Singh decided to make a new constitution stating its relation with country India. Yuvraj made use of clause 7 of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Instrument of Accessionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ under the influence of state interim governor Sheikh Abdullah, stating state has right to not follow Indian Constitution fully and make their own constitution. They decided to follow the constitution of year 1939. Jawaharlal Nehru did not force Yuvraj to follow the other states so as a result Article 370 came into existence. With lots of arguments with Dr. Ambedkar and Sardar Vallabhai Patel, at last Constituent Assembly of Jammu Kashmir was formed on 15th February, 1954. There is a mention in the constitution that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The state is and shall be the part of Union of Indiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Article 371 mentioning the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Special Provisionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ have been extended to the state on 27th September 1963. Later Article 356 and 357 were also added. Debates in Parliament on article 370 Before the new Government (before 2014) There have been debates and arguments in the parliament over last 60 years is the parliament on a sensitive issue of Article 370.Temporary provision to Jammu and Kashmir has turned to be immortal due to genuine mistakes of M.P.Jain ,a constitutional expert of saying the State has more measure of autonomy and power than by any other States. According to our Constitutional expert à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Rajiv Dhavanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, we cannot remove Article 370 or else it would turn into jeopardy. Inspite of these debates and changes over the years we have never been able to remove the provision on Jammu Kashmir. After the new Government (After 2014) Our new Prime Minister wishes to eliminate the special power given to Jammu Kashmir , but the Chief minister of Jammu Kashmir says à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“There would be Article 370 existing or Jammu Kashmir will not be part of India.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  By having 336 seats from 520 of BJP in Lok Sabha, for passing the law they need 362 as a majority, which they may get from the regional government but it would be very difficult job to turn a desire into reality. Mr. Mir Saifullah, who leads the department of law, justice and Parliamentary Affairs gave a proposal that Law Commission of Jammu and Kashmir will be jurisdiction to review those laws, which have been proposed by the State Legislature and that of Central laws, which have been applicable to Jammu and Kashmir under the name of Article 370. Relevance in the present Scenario Reaction of Indian citizen over Article 370. Indian people feel that there have been partial and higher rights given to Jammu and Kashmir. The different parties of India wishes to eradicate the provision so every citizen of India gets a equal right to live with same level of laws applicable throughout the country. 9 months ago when our Prime Minister made a point in changes in Article 370 there had been a very positive roar from the whole country except the state who are very intent to keep the laws applicable in Jammu Kashmir. The chief Minister of the State is very abundant to be having their own constitution. The people of India with a aim of equal right would keep shouting but the State will always get a higher rights just because that is Jammu and Kashmir and we are fellow Indians. Reaction of People of Jammu Kashmir over Article 370 The people of Jammu and Ladakh are facing high discrimination under the Kashmiri leadership with living a life of second class citizen of the state. The political leader has been very dominated under the Act of Article 370 so they rebutted for having a different state of Jammu Kashmir. It has been said that there are around 2,50,000 refugee living which is somewhere a high risk for the people of state. Some Kashmiri people have been caught in status of permanent residents, just like the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"West Pakistani Refugeeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, though which the door might open for people who have come to Kashmir from various states of India which would bring change in demographic structure of India and reduce the power of Kashmiris. Changes required in Article 370 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Article 370 divides, Article 371 empowers peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  was said by BJP patriarch Mr. LK Advani during the talk on Jammu and Kashmir provisions on Article 370. During the Central Elections our Prime Minister took a point on removing the Article but with so success in it, during the state elections of Jammu Kashmir they portrayed to do betterment for the state first later the other things. Ek desh mein do vidhan, do nishan, do pradhan, nahin chalega, was a very much used slogan by the parliament during the earlier movements in 1952. But only a slogan cannot work the understanding of the state with central is very much necessary. With looking at the scenario it could be seen that it is nearly impossible for the center to make any changes in Article 370 except the approval and acceptance by the state. Article 370 imposes borders on the central power on Jammu Kashmir. Special permissions are required to pass an ordinary legislation in the state. It stops the development of the state while other state gets a better chance to develop. The people of state believe that central would dominate them and their right would get lost. With a hope to grow he world into a family, we should first try to make our country into a family. It has caused difficulty for Kashmiri Brahmin to live in that state alive, due to which they prefer to migrate to other state. If the Article 370 is not lifted, it should be at least modified to make the central government to make the changes at necessary period, so along with other states Jammu Kashmir also gets an equal right to develop in various sectors. The other change which is needed in the Article 370 is to let the people of state live their life with freedom in the country of biggest democracy in the world. The day this article was imposed it was laid with a view to remove it at appropriate time but the state has not allowed to do so. Thus the article 370 has turned to be immortal. Change in Terrorism in Jammu Kashmir It has been seen that terrorism has been decreased in Jammu Kashmir is last few years. The decrease of terrorism cannot be directly linked with Article 370 but yet it is linked with it. Th e people of Jammu Kashmir in their desire to protect the state not only from the Indian constitution but from all the External forces have made them protect the state. The decrease in terrorism has somewhere also helped the state to develop by letting them invest in other industry other then the defence. And as there are restrictions in entering the state the people from other countries cannot easily come in, so the state has seen decrease in terrorism. Success of Article 370 According to the views of People of India over the Article 370, they feel that it should be abolished in the country due to various reasons. From all of them, few are the Article does not give opportunity to the state due to which it is not able to develop. It should be removed as it causes brutal genocide to the Kashmiri Pundits. Article 370 is separating Jammu Kashmir from India. It is not only harming India but also doing a serious damage to Kashmir as well. When we talk about united secular India, T here must be single constitution for all and should respect one flag only. This Article should be surely removed as Indian Parliament cannot play their role here so they undermine the authority of Indian Constitution. Most central laws like Right to Information (RTI), Right to Education (RTE), while the provisions which are related to fiscal laws like Finance Act 1994 (related to service tax), CAG audit, wealth tax and many other are not applicable in Jammu Kashmir. While on the other side of coin this Article 370 should not be removed because it is a very sensitive topic which may hurt the sentiments of the people of Jammu Kashmir. The main important point is that if the Article 370 would be removed Kashmir wonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t be part of India, which would be great loss to India where they would lose their jewel of the ring and it would harm Kashmir as well as it would be difficult to protect the state from Pakistan as well as China who are very keen to take over Kashmir. According to me as a citizen of India I feel that Article 370 should be abolished not only for the country to get equal right, but for Jammu Kashmir as well so they grow and take chance of new opportunities to grow. Bibliography https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_370 https://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/article-370-issue-omar-abdullah-jammu-and-kashmir-jawaharlal-nehru/1/364053.html https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/understanding-article-370/article5426473.ece https://kashmirherald.com/featuredarticle/article370.html https://indiaopines.com/article-370-indian-constitution/ https://www.indiandefencereview.com/news/article-370-the-untold-story/ https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/2015/Jan/14/separatists-mainstream-oppose-concessions-47.asp https://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/letters-why-article-370-must-go-114060501412_1.html https://www.kashmirherald.com/featuredarticle/NCRWCArticle370.html https://www.firstpost.com/politics/repe aling-article-370-why-jks-special-status-is-a-political-tinderbox-1546511.html Thank You

The Reconstruction Er Jim Crow Laws - 2695 Words

Following the Reconstruction Era, Jim Crow laws were legislated between 1876 and 1965 which implemented segregation in all public facilities in mostly southern states in the United States. As a result, the first wave of the Great Migration occurred – of African-Americans from the South moving North. Chicago, Illinois was one of northern cities that experienced a high influx of southern African-Americans. Compared to other cities, Chicago was considered a more liberal city since it prohibited many segregation laws. In the year 1874, school segregation was outlawed in Chicago and in 1885 segregation in public facilities was outlawed. According to the U.S. census, in 1910, 44,103 African-Americans made up Chicago’s population. By 1920†¦show more content†¦Starting in the early twentieth century, beaches in Chicago became segregated. On a hot summer day on the 27th of July in 1919, a young black man by the name Eugene Williams went to Chicago’s Twenty-ninth Street Beach with a group of friends, â€Å"The 29th Street beach was for whites, the 25th Street beach for blacks.† While swimming, Williams floated past the imaginary line that segregated the whites from the African-Americans. White bystanders were outraged that Williams had swum past the line that was vaguely defined and begun to attack Williams with stones. Eugene Williams was knocked unconscious and quickly drowned under the water. Although a number of black males attempted to rescue him, the whites obstructed their way and it was too late. Young eighteen-year old Eugene Williams was pronounced dead â€Å"†¦and his drowning precipitated one of the bloodiest race riots of the postwar period.† A white police officer by the name of Daniel Callahan, who came to the scene refused to arrest George Stauber, who was the white male whom many blacks contested was the one who had thrown the rock that had killed Williams. Instead an African-American was arrested for a mi nor complaint that a white man had made against him. This resulted in anger from the black community. Within two hours of Eugene Williams’ death, on July 27, 1919 the first day of the

Empirical Evidence Regarding Existence †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Empirical Evidence Regarding Existence. Answer: Introduction Yazdani and Murad (2015) stated that ethical dilemma is termed as the condition in which two choices are made between the two Management options, where none of the options can resolve the situation. The paper is based on Supreme Court sides with Samsung in Apple patent damages dispute. There is an ethical dispute occurs when Apple sued Samsung meant for copying their designing features of their devices and copying of colorful grid of the application icons. This is an ethical dilemma in the case study. This particular paper analyzes the case study of Supreme Court sides with Samsung in Apple patent damages dispute. Ethical theories are used to analyze the case properly such as utilitarianism, deontology, virtue and contract. In the year 2011, there is a dispute among Apple as well as Samsung is that Apple sued that Samsung is copying their designing features for their devices and colorful grid of the application icons. Two of the lower courts are ruling in favor of Apple on this design-patent infringement. The lower court demands that Samsung should pay $399 million to Apple for purpose of infringing on design of the Apples iPhone. After that, Samsung is countered that this charge is just disproportionate. As per the South Korea giant, Apple is not entitling towards the total profits from entire phone, but taking the profit that infringe (Balakrishnan, 2017). There is a question that comes in front of the Supreme Court is that how to calculate the total amount that Samsung should pay for copying. Now days, Samsung is doing hard work so that they can made their iPhone as most innovative as well as beloved product. Swanton (2016) demonstrated that utilitarianismis an ethical theory, which signifies the best action to be taken when any organization is facing any ethical issues, that increases its utility. The consequences of the actions are either right or wrong. In this particular case study, Samsung is accused for stealing of design of Apple. The court takes an action based on the case is that they asked Samsung to pay $399 million to Apple for purpose of infringing on design of the Apples iPhone (Balakrishnan, 2017). The amount is to be collected from the 11 Smartphone models of Samsung. This particular action is right as it helps to increase utility of actions. From this action, other organization can also learnt the penalty of stealing others design or works. Stealing or copying of other design is a crime and it is required to minimize this type of crime. As per the principles of utilitarianism, this ethical theory can hold moral right actions in case of any type of situation (Broad, 2014). It also produces maximum balance of profits over the harms for everybody exaggerated. This type of huge amount of penalty for Samsung gives them a lesson not to steal any of design from Apple or any other company. Crossan, Mazutis and Seijts (2013) demonstrated that deontologyis an Management ethical theory, which signifies on relationship between the duty as well as morality of the actions taken by the human. The action that is taken under this ethical theory is considered morally as good due to the action that is taken. In this particular case, the morality of the actions that are taken as that the court permits Samsung to pay $ 399 million for the crime the organization did. As per the court, this action taken is right, but on the other hand, Samsung is countered that this charge is just disproportionate (Balakrishnan, 2017). The court allows Samsung to pay the charge from their profits that they get from their diverse components that breach. If Apple receives total amount from the gain of Samsung, then it is considered as illegal as because providing entire gain to the organization means that Samsung has nothing to gain (Shafer-Landau, 2014). Samsung is penalized with a huge amount for cop ying their designing features for their devices as well as colorful grid of the application icons. Therefore, two of the lower court rules in favor of Apple on designing patent infringement. LaFollette and Persson (2013) stated that virtue is an ethical theory that highlights role of the character as well as virtue within the morale philosophy rather than performing of ones duty. In this particular case, the actions, the court has taken is considered as an ethical thinking. Due to features copying dispute between Apple as well as Samsung, the court takes the decision of paying $399 million to Apple for purpose of infringing on design of the Apples iPhone (Balakrishnan, 2017). The ethical thinking is innovative as Apple is not entitling towards the total profits from entire phone, but taking the profit that infringe. The penalty is based on the federal laws, which states that party copying as well as applying for patented design is liable to extend of their total profit (Russell, 2016). Therefore, the action that is taken by the court is ethical, as this will help to overcome with infringement issues. Jayawickreme et al., (2014) stated that contract is an ethical theory that signifies the morality that includes of set of rules which is governing the behavior that the people should accept on any situation. This theory addresses questions regarding legitimacy of the establishment of the condition (Balakrishnan, 2017). Based on this theory, Samsung is penalized for their wring works. There is an ethical dispute occurs when Apple sued Samsung meant for copying their designing features of their devices and copying of colorful grid of the application icons. The organization, Samsung is to pay $ 399 million for the crime the organization did. In this case, there are questions in front of the Supreme Court is that how to Management calculate the total amount that Samsung should pay for copying (Hursthouse, 2013). Therefore, never do such a crime due to which an organization is penalized for their wrongful actions. Recommendations The following are the suggested recommendations, which help in mitigating the ethical issues that Apple is facing: Implement of strict organizational policies: The organization should implement strict organizational policies in their organization so that it will reduce ethical issues. Security measures: All the organizations should implement security as well as privacy measures for their products and services, so that no other third party organization can steal or copy their products. Governmental rules: The government should implement a rule such that in case of any crime or privacy issues, the unauthorized organization should give a very strict punishment for their misconduct. Conclusion It is concluded that the penalized action of Samsung is right for them as no other organization can ever try to do it. As per the South Korea giant, Apple is not entitling towards the total profits from entire phone, but taking the profit that infringe. Even other organization can learn that stealing or copying other service or product is a crime. Based on the ethical theories, it is identified if the action that is taken by the court is right or wrong. Therefore, with help of the ethical theories right actions are taken. References Balakrishnan, A. (2017).Supreme Court sides with Samsung in Apple patent damages dispute.CNBC. Retrieved 5 May 2017, from https://www.cnbc.com/2016/12/06/supreme-court-rules-for-samsung-in-apple-patent-case.html Broad, C. D. (2014).Five types of ethical theory(Vol. 2). Routledge. Crossan, M., Mazutis, D., Seijts, G. (2013). In search of virtue: The role of virtues, Management values and character strengths in ethical decision making.Journal of Business Ethics,113(4), 567-581. Hursthouse, R. (2013). Normative virtue ethics.ETHICA,645. Jayawickreme, E., Meindl, P., Helzer, E. G., Furr, R. M., Fleeson, W. (2014). Virtuous states and virtuous traits: How the empirical evidence regarding the existence of broad traits saves virtue ethics from the situationist critique.School Field,12(3), 283-308. LaFollette, H., Persson, I. (Eds.). (2013).The Blackwell guide to ethical theory. John Wiley Sons. Russell, B. (2016). Contractualism, Consequentialism and the Moral Landscape: A New Pro-Contractualist Picture of Ethical Theory. Shafer-Landau, R. (2014). The fundamentals of ethics. Swanton, C. (2016). A Virtue Ethical Theory of Role Ethics.The Journal of Value Inquiry,50(4), 687-702. Yazdani, N., Murad, H. S. (2015). Toward an ethical theory of organizing.Journal of Business Ethics,127(2), 399-417.

Suicide Essays (2135 words) - Behavioural Sciences, Psychiatry

Suicide A Self-Destruction Suicide is the act or an instance of intentionally killing oneself. According to Emile Durkheim, suicide is applied to all cases of death resulting directly or indirectly from a positive or negative act of the victim himself, which he knows will produce this result (44). Suicide is a rarely ever a spur of the moment thing. Th Susceptibility to suicide is lowest among those who have strong community ties. Involvement in church, synagogue or temple may help the disquieted person feel that he is part of a religious fellowship bound together by ties of sympathy, love, and mutual concern. House of worship often substitute for a missing family. We this reach the conclusion that the superiority of Protestantism with respect to suicide results from its being a less strongly integrated church than a catholic church (Durkheim 159). Grollamn noe Augustine (354-430) denounced suicide as a sin, there was no official church against it (23). Today people continue to commit suicide for a variety of reasons: Love, insanity and chronic depression. There is usually a series of events and warning sign before an attempt is made. Suicide is not spoken much and is a topic that needed to be explored. Statistics on suicide attempts changes so rapidly, that none can be stated with accuracy. Grollman write that Almost everybody at one time or another contemplates suicide. Self-destruction is one of many choices open to human beings (5). If one is alert and observant, there is a chance that the suicide victim can be saved. Imagine the thought of being dead. Would the world be better off without that one life? Probably not, but some people may think so. That life will be greatly issued by someone. It may even cause a person to want to commit suicide in order to join the friend that died. Imagine how it would feel if the pressures of everyday life increased greatly. Perhaps a parent, brother or sister was lost. What if an adolescent person was arrested? How would his family and friends react to this little misfortune? Say there is a test in math or science class, and when the test came back the same person had failed it. It would seem to him to be just another failure in a series of botched attempts to further himself. It seems that the last month or two has been nothing but hardship. There is no place to go. So, he feels, there is only one thing that can help, suicide. Man prefers to abandon life when it is least difficult (Durkheim 107). The child may think: If I where to die now, my parents would feel sorry for their meanness (Grollman 6). For days, even weeks, a plan is formulated. How does he leave the loved ones and his problems behind respectably? Finally he thinks of a plan, sleeping pills, in hopes that a final slumber will take all the nightmares of reality away for good. Klerman note that An act like this is prepared within the silence of the heart, as is a great work of art (55). The pills are taken, after a while sleep sets in. At last, the final rest that has been so long awaited for. A blurred vision appears and slowly focuses. A white room appears, the vision gets clearer. He focuses in on details, such as an IV stand with several bags hanging on it. The hospital room was not the expected place to awake. This attempt was just one more failure in his life. The next time he will think of a more lethal way to seek eternal peace. After the attempt. He will go to a hospital where all his actions will be monitored. In the end, a counselor is usually called in. hopefully its will help him in the struggle to deal with life`s problems, all this done in hopes that another attempt is made. 12 % of those who attempt suicide will make a second try and succeed within two years (Grollman 73). To think all of this could have been prevented if he sought help in the beginning. To further understand suicide, we must take a look at the different reasons behind the act itself. Suicide is not a genetic disease, but rather a series of events that are very depressing or stressful. Dolce implies that For years people assume that only mental or emotional problems drove people to commit suicide (33). Lester writes, Zimmerman et al found that depressed inpatients who had experienced more psychological

1996 Mount Everest Disaster - Death on Top of the World

1996 Mount Everest Disaster - Death on Top of the World On May 10, 1996, a ferocious storm descended upon the Himalayas, creating perilous conditions on Mount Everest, and stranding 17 climbers high upon the tallest mountain in the world. By the following day, the storm had claimed the lives of eight climbers, making it- at the time- the greatest loss of life in a single day in the history of the mountain. While climbing Mount Everest is inherently risky, several factors (aside from the storm) contributed to the tragic outcome- crowded conditions, inexperienced climbers, numerous delays, and a series of bad decisions. Big Business on Mount Everest Following the first summit of Mount Everest by Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay in 1953, the feat of climbing the 29,028-foot peak had for decades been limited to only the most elite climbers. By 1996, however, climbing Mount Everest had evolved into a multi-million dollar industry. Several mountaineering companies had established themselves as the means by which even amateur climbers could summit Everest. Fees for a guided climb ranged from $30,000 to $65,000 per customer. The window of opportunity for climbing in the Himalayas is a narrow one. For just a few weeks- between late April and late May- the weather is typically milder than usual, allowing climbers to ascend. In the spring of 1996, multiple teams were gearing up for the climb. The vast majority of them approached from the Nepalese side of the mountain; only two expeditions ascended from the Tibetan side. Gradual Ascent There are many dangers involved in ascending Everest too rapidly. For that reason, expeditions take weeks to ascend, allowing climbers to gradually acclimatize to the changing atmosphere. Medical problems that could develop at high altitudes include severe altitude sickness, frostbite, and hypothermia. Other serious effects include hypoxia (low oxygen, leading to poor coordination and impaired judgment), HAPE (high-altitude pulmonary edema, or fluid in the lungs) and HACE (high-altitude cerebral edema, or swelling of the brain). The latter two can prove especially deadly. In late March 1996, groups assembled in Kathmandu, Nepal, and opted to take a transport helicopter to Lukla, a village located about 38 miles from Base Camp. Trekkers then made a 10-day hike to Base Camp (17,585 feet), where they would stay a few weeks adjusting to the altitude. Two of the largest guided groups that year were Adventure Consultants (led by New Zealander Rob Hall and fellow guides Mike Groom and Andy Harris) and Mountain Madness (led by American Scott Fischer, assisted by guides Anatoli Boukreev and Neal Beidleman). Halls group included seven climbing Sherpas and eight clients. Fischers group comprised eight climbing Sherpas and seven clients. (The Sherpa, natives of eastern Nepal, are accustomed to the high altitude; many make their living as support staff for climbing expeditions.) Another American group, helmed by filmmaker and renowned climber David Breashears, was on Everest to make an IMAX film. Several other groups came from around the globe, including Taiwan, South Africa, Sweden, Norway, and Montenegro. Two other groups (from India and Japan) climbed from the Tibetan side of the mountain. Up to the Death Zone Climbers began the acclimatization process in mid-April, taking increasingly longer sorties to higher elevations, then returning to Base Camp. Eventually, over a period of four weeks, the climbers made their way up the mountain- first, past the Khumbu Icefall to Camp 1 at 19,500 feet, then up the Western Cwm to Camp 2 at 21,300 feet. (Cwm, pronounced coom, is the Welsh word for valley.) Camp 3, at 24,000 feet, was adjacent to the Lhotse Face, a sheer wall of glacial ice. On May 9, the scheduled day for the ascent to Camp 4 (the highest camp, at 26,000 feet), the expeditions first victim met his fate. Chen Yu-Nan, a member of the Taiwanese team, committed a fatal error when he exited his tent in the morning without having strapped on his crampons (spikes attached to boots for climbing on ice). He slipped down the Lhotse Face into a crevasse. Sherpas were able to pull him up by rope, but he died of internal injuries later that day. The trek up the mountain continued. Climbing upward to Camp 4, all but only a handful of elite climbers required the use of oxygen to survive. The area from Camp 4 up to the summit is known as the Death Zone because of the dangerous effects of the extremely high altitude. Atmospheric oxygen levels are only one-third of those at sea level. Trek to the Summit Begins Climbers from various expeditions arrived at Camp 4 throughout the day. Later that afternoon, a serious storm blew in. Leaders of the groups feared that they would not be able to climb that night as planned. After hours of gale-force winds, the weather cleared at 7:30 p.m. The climb would go on as planned. Wearing headlamps and breathing bottled oxygen, 33 climbers- including Adventure Consultants and Mountain Madness team members, along with a small Taiwanese team- left at about midnight that night. Each client carried two spare bottles of oxygen, but would run out at about 5Â  p.m., and would, therefore, need to descend as quickly as possible once they had summitted. Speed was of the essence. But that speed would be hampered by several unfortunate missteps. Leaders of the two main expeditions had supposedly ordered Sherpas to go ahead of the climbers and install lines of rope along the most difficult areas in the upper mountain in order to avoid a slowdown during the ascent. For some reason, this crucial task was never carried out. Summit Slowdowns The first bottleneck occurred at 28,000 feet, where setting up the ropes took nearly an hour. Adding to the delays, many climbers were very slow due to inexperience. By late morning, some climbers waiting in the queue began to worry about getting to the summit in time to descend safely before nightfall- and before their oxygen ran out. A second bottleneck occurred on the South Summit, at 28,710 feet. This delayed forward progress by another hour. Expedition leaders had set a 2Â  p.m. turn-around time- the point at which climbers must turn around even if they had not reached the summit. At 11:30 a.m., three men on Rob Halls team turned around and headed back down the mountain, realizing they might not make it in time. They were among the few who made the right decision that day. The first group of climbers made it up the famously difficult Hillary Step to reach the summit at about 1:00 p.m. After a brief celebration, it was time to turn around and complete the second half of their laborious trek. They still needed to get back down to the relative safety of Camp 4. As the minutes ticked by, oxygen supplies began to dwindle. Deadly Decisions Up at the top of the mountain, some climbers had been summiting well after 2:00 p.m. Mountain Madness leader Scott Fischer did not enforce the turn-around time, allowing his clients to stay on the summit past 3:00. Fischer himself was summiting just as his clients were coming down. Despite the late hour, he continued up. No one questioned him because he was the leader and an experienced Everest climber. Later, people would comment that Fischer had looked very ill. Fischers assistant guide, Anatoli Boukreev, had inexplicably summited early on, and then descended to Camp 4 by himself, instead of waiting to assist clients. Rob Hall also ignored the turn-around time, staying behind with client Doug Hansen, who was having trouble moving up the mountain. Hansen had tried to summit the previous year and failed, which is probably why Hall made such an effort to help him up despite the late hour. Hall and Hansen did not summit until 4:00 p.m., however, far too late to have stayed on the mountain. It was a serious lapse in judgment on Halls part- one which would cost both men their lives. By 3:30 p.m. ominous clouds had appeared and snow began to fall, covering up tracks that descending climbers needed as a guide to find their way down. By 6:00 p.m., the storm had become a blizzard with gale-force winds, while many climbers were still trying to make their way down the mountain. Caught in the Storm As the storm raged on, 17 people were caught on the mountain, a perilous position to be in after dark, but especially so during a storm with high winds, zero visibility, and a wind chill of 70 below zero. Climbers were also running out of oxygen. A group accompanied by guides Beidleman and Groom headed down the mountain, including climbers Yasuko Namba, Sandy Pittman, Charlotte Fox, Lene Gammelgaard, Martin Adams, and Klev Schoening. They encountered Rob Halls client Beck Weathers on their way down. Weathers was stranded at 27,000 feet after being stricken by temporary blindness, which had prevented him from summitting. He joined the group. After a very slow and difficult descent, the group came within 200 vertical feet of Camp 4, but the driving wind and snow made it impossible to see where they were going. They huddled together to wait out the storm. At midnight, the sky cleared briefly, allowing guides to catch sight of the camp. The group headed off toward camp, but four were too incapacitated to move- Weathers, Namba, Pittman, and Fox. The others made it back and sent help for the four stranded climbers. Mountain Madness guide Anatoli Boukreev was able to help Fox and Pittman back to camp, but could not manage the nearly comatose Weathers and Namba, especially in the middle of a storm. They were deemed beyond help and were therefore left behind. Death on the Mountain Still stranded high on the mountain were Rob Hall and Doug Hansen at the top of the Hillary Step near the summit. Hansen was unable to go on; Hall tried to bring him down. During their unsuccessful attempt to descend, Hall looked away for just a moment and when he looked back, Hansen was gone. (Hansen had likely fallen over the edge.) Hall maintained radio contact with Base Camp through the night and even spoke with his pregnant wife, who was patched through from New Zealand by satellite phone. Guide Andy Harris, who was caught in the storm at the South Summit, had a radio and was able to hear Halls transmissions. Harris is believed to have gone up to bring oxygen to Rob Hall. But Harris also disappeared; his body was never found. Expedition leader Scott Fischer and climber Makalu Gau (leader of the Taiwanese team that included the late Chen Yu-Nan) were found together at 1200 feet above Camp 4 on the morning of May 11. Fisher was unresponsive and barely breathing. Certain that Fischer was beyond hope, the Sherpas left him there. Boukreev, Fischers lead guide, climbed up to Fischer shortly thereafter but found he had already died. Gau, although severely frostbitten, was able to walk- with much assistance- and was guided down by Sherpas. Would-be rescuers had attempted to reach Hall on May 11 but were turned back by severe weather. Twelve days later, Rob Halls body would be found at the South Summit by Breashears and the IMAX team. Survivor Beck Weathers Beck Weathers, left for dead, somehow survived the night. (His companion, Namba, did not.) After being unconscious for hours, Weathers miraculously awoke late on the afternoon of May 11 and staggered back to the camp. His shocked fellow climbers warmed him up and gave him fluids, but he had suffered severe frostbite on his hands, feet, and face, and appeared to be near death. (In fact, his wife had been notified earlier that he had died during the night.) The next morning, Weathers companions almost left him for dead again when they departed camp, thinking he had died during the night. He awoke just in time and called out for help. Weathers was assisted by the IMAX group down to Camp 2, where he and Gau were flown out in a very daring and dangerous helicopter rescue at 19,860 feet. Shockingly, both men survived, but frostbite took its toll. Gau lost his fingers, nose, and both feet; Weathers lost his nose, all of the fingers on his left hand and his right arm below the elbow. Everest Death Toll The leaders of the two main expeditions- Rob Hall and Scott Fischer- both died on the mountain. Halls guide Andy Harris and two of their clients, Doug Hansen and Yasuko Namba, also perished. On the Tibetan side of the mountain, three Indian climbers- Tsewang Smanla, Tsewang Paljor, and Dorje Morup- had died during the storm, bringing the total of deaths that day to eight, the record number of deaths in one day. Unfortunately, since then, that record has been broken. An avalanche on April 18, 2014, took the lives of 16 Sherpas. A year later, an earthquake in Nepal on April 25, 2015, caused an avalanche that killed 22 people at Base Camp. To date, more than 250 people have lost their lives on Mount Everest. Most of the bodies remain on the mountain. Several books and films have come out of the Everest disaster, including bestseller Into Thin Air by Jon Krakauer (a journalist and a member of Halls expedition) and two documentaries made by David Breashears. A feature film, Everest, was also released in 2015.

Free Essays on World Citizenship

When I think of the word â€Å"citizen† the first thoughts that enter my mind are state, nation, and government. Webster’s Dictionary defines the word: â€Å"a : a member of a state b : a native or naturalized person who owes allegiance to a government and is entitled to protection from it†. The phrase â€Å"World Citizen† is almost an oxymoron in my opinion. This oxymoron, however, may suit the meaning. In Martha Nussbaum’s article, The Idea of World Citizenship, she speaks of the severance of a single human nation, the separation of a unified society. That’s how we started out; unified. Man is born with the natural gift of thought, superior to that of any other species, and then uses it to think up ideas and rules that enforce lifestyles unnatural and irregular to human instinct. Martha brings up Diogenes, an ancient Greek philosopher. She sets him as the main example of an ideal World Citizen. Not only was he a believer in world citizenship, but, as she explains, Diogenes was a teacher. He taught whether you wanted a lesson or not. In ancient Greece, there were unspoken guidelines and standards, not so different from American society today, which everyone held to without thought on the topic. Diogenes was there to invoke thought on this topic, and you were invoked either voluntarily or by force. His lessons were more obscure than most teachers lessons we would know today however. For example, in Ancient Greece, eating was something only done in private; so Diogenes would eat in public, trying to explain to his neighbors that this was a ridiculous rule. As a more extreme approach, he would masturbate in the marketplace, I would assume for the same reason but I don’t think I can accurately justify that. As the article goes on, Nussbaum continues to explain the separation of humans from instinct and humans as a group into subgroups, but a more interesting topic is what she portrays as the root of the probl... Free Essays on World Citizenship Free Essays on World Citizenship When I think of the word â€Å"citizen† the first thoughts that enter my mind are state, nation, and government. Webster’s Dictionary defines the word: â€Å"a : a member of a state b : a native or naturalized person who owes allegiance to a government and is entitled to protection from it†. The phrase â€Å"World Citizen† is almost an oxymoron in my opinion. This oxymoron, however, may suit the meaning. In Martha Nussbaum’s article, The Idea of World Citizenship, she speaks of the severance of a single human nation, the separation of a unified society. That’s how we started out; unified. Man is born with the natural gift of thought, superior to that of any other species, and then uses it to think up ideas and rules that enforce lifestyles unnatural and irregular to human instinct. Martha brings up Diogenes, an ancient Greek philosopher. She sets him as the main example of an ideal World Citizen. Not only was he a believer in world citizenship, but, as she explains, Diogenes was a teacher. He taught whether you wanted a lesson or not. In ancient Greece, there were unspoken guidelines and standards, not so different from American society today, which everyone held to without thought on the topic. Diogenes was there to invoke thought on this topic, and you were invoked either voluntarily or by force. His lessons were more obscure than most teachers lessons we would know today however. For example, in Ancient Greece, eating was something only done in private; so Diogenes would eat in public, trying to explain to his neighbors that this was a ridiculous rule. As a more extreme approach, he would masturbate in the marketplace, I would assume for the same reason but I don’t think I can accurately justify that. As the article goes on, Nussbaum continues to explain the separation of humans from instinct and humans as a group into subgroups, but a more interesting topic is what she portrays as the root of the probl...

Financial Managerial Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Financial Managerial Principles - Essay Example It shows how P&G has been performing above than the average S&P 500 index over past years and benefiting its shareholders with higher than the average index returns. The graph assumes that a $100 amount was invested, one in P&G and other in S&P 500 index. It can easily be seen that except for 3 years (1999, 2000 and 2001) during the period, P&G return has been above average which shows the soundness of its financial and operational performance which has enabled it to transfer the benefits to its shareholders in the form of valuable returns. With lowering debt to Asset ratio and increasing current ratio, the company is directed towards lowering its risk perceived by shareholders while at the same time improving its ability to pay off its operational liabilities accrued due to revenue expenditure. Net earnings are also on the rise showing that more and more part of their income will be given to shareholders. Since the dividend payout ration is something around 40 percent it means that with rising net income the shareholders’ cut will also increase. Company’s research and development expenditure are at the ever highest, showing that the company is expected to increase customer satisfaction by offering them innovative and unique solutions to their day to day needs in the form of better and improved products. This will increase customer loyalty and brand preference among customers which will result in increase in company’s value which is a primary concern for a shareholder. The last five year annual growth rate is 10.63 % (Procter & Gamble, 2007) which is good news for investors who relies on dividend payment as a source of their earnings such as retirees. Since these are the type of investors who cannot wait to realize capital gains. They use dividends from the stock investment as a source of earnings. Opportunities are

Explain what Utilitarianism theory would say is our moral obligation Essay

Explain what Utilitarianism theory would say is our moral obligation to help end world hunger. Is distance a morally relevant criterion according to Utilitarianism Why or why not - Essay Example According to Mill, ethical judgments should be based on the criterion of the usefulness of the human acts. A person can determine whether his/her action is good or evil based on its usefulness. However, the utility is seen not primarily as an individual utility, but as a public utility. Utilitarianism takes into account the fact that the act can be considered ethically justified if it promotes happiness or benefit for a large number of people. It is seen as â€Å"the ‘greatest happiness’ principle† (Beauchamp, 2013). Based on this, utilitarianism evaluates human moral obligations to help end world hunger in accordance with the amount of benefit that it can bring to humanity. The distance between the people in this regard is not critical, since the emphasis is on the benefit for the whole of humanity in the case of our aid to poor countries. If the aid to the starving countries from developing countries will lead to higher overall benefit and happiness, then utilitarianism appreciates it. Otherwise, utilitarianism does not see the moral reasoning for such

Article Critique on “Black Hair” Essay Example for Free

Article Critique on â€Å"Black Hair† Essay This story discussed the life of a sixteen year old man who wanted to become independent in his life but does not know how to start. The protagonist of the story was the narrator. He showed his life in a blurred path where he could not able how to distinguish the facts and fictions of life. It means that he is still incapable of being a productive individual in his society because he himself could not understand how his life works in the general perspective of human nature. Though he knows how things work, he could not manage these things in normal and proper way. Because of this, the protagonist still need to learn from what is true, right, and wrong from everything that is beyond his reach so that there would be greater knowledge and self-esteem that would grow in his identity. Based on my reading in the whole story, I can say that the whole setup of the story tackles the issues and personal identity of the persona. He pitied himself because he did not know what he is doing in his surroundings. He does not know how to look for a right job, right home, and right place to go in his everyday living. This became the conflict of the story. Everything was focused in his ways and perspectives as neophyte in his journey of life. At the end of the story, he remained clueless with those things that he encountered even the coke machine where he could not find one when he is thirsty. The implication of the story is that the author showed the angst of a young man who seeks independence in the world of real life. When we are with our family, we could not feel the pressure of having a life. We always think of the better things that we could manage but through this story, we tend to realize how things work when we are already alone. It shows that life is always a cycle and a chosen ground. When we choose to ignore the things that we encounter during our early days, it would not give us the privilege to know what true life is because we are incapable of living – to understand and to learn things around us. Reference Soto, G. Black Hair pp. 296-302

Essay --

In "The Second Coming" by William Butler Yeats, Yeats uses allusions, symbols, and vivid imagery to convey his cynical and despondent tone about the new evil, corrupt, and immoral era following World War I. Yeats begins the poem with an image of a "widening gyre" or a vortex of spiraling motion. This image immediately implies the chaos and disorder in a society that is spiraling wider and wider out of control and becoming more corrupt. Yeats elaborates on and supports this idea with "Things fall apart; the center cannot hold" and "Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world" to further symbolize how the universe is collapsing with confusion and the absence of principles. Yeats also implies the danger and disaster to come with an image of a falcon who "cannot hear the falconer" to further illustrate suspense and danger that humanity is facing. This image also suggests that similar to the falcon that is flying around in a "widening gyre, society has wandered too far away from its morals and is doomed with curruption. Yeats continues his cynical tone with "everywhere the ceremony of innocenc...

Why Aliens Are Real

All around the world, there's one topic a lot of people talk about. Some people talk about economics, some talk about pop culture. The topic I'm going to be addressing is why I think Aliens are real. Throughout time, there has been many things that make us believe they are real, like the Roswell Incident. A quick recap of what happened was that what is thought to be a UFO crashed near a ranch in Roswell, New Mexico. The U. S. overnment then took the UFO and told everyone that what the rash was Just debris from the crash of an experimental high-altitude surveillance balloon belonging to what was then a classified (top secret) program named Mogul. This may seem unlikely and unrealistic, as if coming from a movie, but that is because this inspired many alien movies to prop up. This might be one of or maybe the most famous alien incidents ever reported, but there is a more believable one and that is â€Å"The Wow Signal†. In 1977, The Big Ear radio telescope in Ohio State Universi ty picked up an unusual signal.The Big Ear used number and letters to identify the strength of a signal, O being nothing, Z being a strong radio signal. One time, a signal came in reading ‘6EQUJ5' from what seemed to be an empty spot in space. Dr. Jerry R. Ehman recognized this and was completely shocked, so he circled the signal in the data sheet and wrote next to it â€Å"Wow! â€Å", giving the signal it's name. The closest star to where the signal came from was 220 million light years away, meaning the signal came from out of no where.It is believed that this signal was ransmitted by aliens, but we still have no actual proof it is. Now, the bible does say we are the only planet with living beings, but think about this, how big is space? We have no clue of how big it is because it is that big. Being that big, wouldn't there be a possibility that there is a world that has living beings in it? What if the society on that planet is more advanced in technology than ours and t he reason they were able to send the signal was because of a super strong radio signal they aimed at us from some machine they made? at possibility is there and i honestly believe that is the truth. I feel like we are aliens to them and they are trying to communicate with us. Space is so enormous, we can't make decisions of what is out there yet. It is like reading the beginning of a novel and declaring you know exactly what the story is about without reading it. We still have a lot to explore about space, so until we examine every single star, moon, planet, galaxy, anything that is out there, you cant say aliens don't exist because they very well could.

Psychology Behind Sex, Porn And Intimacy Essay

If I may ask, does your boyfriend or husband love to watch porn? Does his behavior affect your sex life in whichever way? Several studies have indicated that quite a good number of men watch pornographic videos for one reason or the other (Bowring, 2005). Several women who attend psychotherapy sessions have been complaining about their partners watching porn, which has led to a change in their habits and demands. Most of the women reported that their partners have lowered libido and others have lost interest in sex and intimacy. However, the reports have not been one-sided, as some couples still manage to enjoy marriage even though the husband loves to watch pornographic videos. On their side, men who watch porn have a reason for doing so as they say watching porn is harmless but rather resourceful. In his, book â€Å"Watching Sex: How do men really respond to pornography,† David shares that some of the reasons men watch porn movies include curiosity, play of fantasy, pleasure of surrender, among others. There are a few problems associated with watching porn videos, issues which threaten to derail or tear apart the noble institution of marriage. Men who are avid lovers of porn have been reported to be less intimate during sex. When they are supposed to caress their partners or do foreplay prior to making love, they fail to do so. The resultant effect is non-gratifying sexual intercourse. Their mindset is that the woman is needs little stimulation to get aroused, a common feature with most porn movies. The second problem that men suffer from is fixation. According to Mark Bnschick, M.D in The Intelligent Divorce project, when men watch porn for so long, they form an idealized image of a perfect woman with a curvy body shape, looking sexy, stunning and random . When having sex, they derive gratification not directly from the act of doing it with their partner but by creating a mental picture of an ideal woman in terms of body shape, beauty, etc. These kind of people may even start to r esort to self-pleasuring because they never find the act of sex to be fully gratifying. When such things start to happen, the women in subject will start to feel betrayed, having self-esteem issues as well as self-questioning such as wondering whether they never satisfy their partners’ or spouses’ sexual needs (Bowring, 2005). To make the matters even worse, claims are that regular watching of porn have made men more less like rapists who are clumsy in bed, without any sense of  intimacy or attachment (Gallop, 2011). This kind of behavior is propagated by porn movies since the porn stars behave in a clumsy and commanding way. They take a dominating role during the whole process of sex or love making. The more the men watch these videos, they more they idolize the male porn stars, slowly incorporating that personality into themselves and finally into their love making moments. In his book, â€Å"The Centrefold Syndrome,† David points out that porn changes how men think. Porn stars are attractive, sexy, good looking and some have curvy body shapes. The more men watch these videos, the more they develop an urge to have a quick and thrilling sexual encounter with virtually every woman who fits the billing of a porn star. On the other hand, Journal of Applied Social Psychology observes that people, who watched porn regularly reported less sexual satisfaction, coupled with a view that their partners lack good physical appearance and have poor sexual performance. Furthermore, another study published in the â€Å"Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy,† indicates that men who watched porn videos find other people less attractive. The real image is masked by an idealized image. In his blog Good in Bed, Dr. Kemer says, â€Å"More and more women are complaining about guys who can no longer reach orgasm during sex, or seem distracted during sex†¦.† Apart from the effects of watching porn outlined above, let us now look at other factors such as oxytoxin, endorphins, hugging, cuddling and kissing along with how porn affect these vital elements needed for a satisfying relationship. Oxytoxin, commonly branded â€Å"the love hormone† plays a key role in bonding. This hormone promotes a feeli ng of warmth and attachment between two people (Banschick, 2014). On the other endorphins promotes a feel-good sensation. During sex, women secret more oxytoxin as compared to their male counterparts. This explains why women yearn for attachment and closeness after sex such as holding each other tightly, cuddling passionately, or even talking in low tones. For a woman, foreplay and arousal are as important as is sex, and are the prerequisites for intimate and orgasmic sex. Women find it so gratifying and pleasurable when a man caresses her without gently, look deeply into her eyes, whisper romantic words into her ears, play with her hair, caress he face and gently touching her ears. When these are done, they lead to the production of more endorphins and oxytoxins for bonding and a feel-good sensation. Nevertheless, take a moment and think about this, do porn actors even take  time to caress, hug and cuddle? Does oxytoxin get enough time to be secreted in abundance for bonding? The answer is NO! This is exactly where the problem starts with men ad dicted to watching porn videos. They rarely take their time to arouse their partners. They take a very short time before engaging in sexual intercourse even before their partner is ready. This leads to inability to reach a climax as well as a cause for unsatisfying sex life (Streufert, 1987). The second aspect is kissing. Kissing and intimacy are like the head and tail of a coin; irreplaceable. You cannot kiss if you are not intimate, and a good sign of intimacy is deep kissing. These two aspects are what make couples or partners to have an intimate sex and relationship. If I may ask, have you known why sex workers refrain from kissing their clients? Due to its tender, close and developing nature, kissing can turn out to be too intimate to the extent that the sex workers can find themselves falling in love (Alexander, 2011). This is why they avoid kissing at all costs, or if they do, it is only light kissing and not deep kissing. According to Sheila Gregoire, a psychotherapist, the more a man watches porn, the more the mode of gratification changes to solely stimulation, gradually excluding kissing and cuddling. I now bet you can clearly see why sex and intimacy may never be the real deal for your relationship. Men you should be careful! References Alexander, L. (2011). Putas of the Caribbean Prostitutes of the Caribbean.. Phillipsburg: AuthorHouse. Bowring, L. (2005). Searching for intimacy: pornography, the internet and the XXX factor. Milton Keynes: Authentic Media. Gallop, C. (2011). Make Love Not Porn: Technology’s Hardcore Impact on Human Behavior. New York: TED Books. Ley, D. J. (2009). Insatiable wives: women who stray and the men who love them. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield. (2013). Pornography. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 37(6), 12-17. Sex, Porn, and the Challenge of Intimacy. (n.d.). Psychology Today: Health, Help, Happiness + Find a Therapist. Retrieved April 21, 2014, from http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-intelligent-divorce/201403/sex-porn-and-the-challenge-intimacy Streufert, S. (1987). Applied Social Psychology. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 17(7), 605-608. Why Husbands Lose

How to Write a High Quality Comic Action Scene!

How to Write a High Quality Comic Action Scene! Action Scene Drawing for a Comic Book Comic fight scenes are one of the most interesting parts of a graphic novels. Our article will give you useful tips on how to draw fight scenes. Secrets of Writing Intense Fight Scenes Your task as an author of a comic book in the process of drawing an action scene is to try to influence all the senses of the readers. Make them feel how it is like to be at the place of a main hero. Make them not only see but also feel and even taste the blood that is streaming out of the villains broken nose. Besides, in the process of fight scene drawing, make sure everything is depicted clear enough so no one could get confused by what is happening. Many writers who do not know how to draw a fight scene often try to draw as many characters in one picture as possible. It is expected to be interesting for a reader to see all the main characters standing together as a one against evil! Well, it is not always a case. The deal is that if you try to depict all the characters at the same time, it can distract you from some important details. Besides, if your heroes have superpowers, it may be difficult to show how they use them in one picture. As a result, it is recommended that a written fight scene contains not more than 4 combatants at one time. However, if you still want to make a group fighting, try to divide it into individual duels, which will help show each of your main characters using their powers separately. One hero fighting a group of secondary hopeless enemies may be interesting, if you use special effects. That can do for a movie but for a graphic novel of a comic book it may not be that interesting. High quality fight script must concentrate on important elements and ignore unimportant once. If you readers know that your character can throw fire using his arms they will not be satisfied to see the same trick over and over again. Think about some unexpected twists and unusual application of these powers. Besides, to make the scene more intense, support it with adjectives to describe a fight. In order to create a fight that will impress a reader, be unpredictable. In addition, try to learn how to describe pain in writing. It will make you fight scenes more engaging and interesting. How cool is that if your hero seems to win but suddenly realizes that his enemy predicted his actions and prepared a trap! It will definitely make him improvise, if he does not want to get into trouble. Many young writers who do not know how to fight write try to get to the point as soon as possible without thinking about some additional elements to make the story more exciting. In order to avoid this mistake, it is recommended to brainstorm some ideas of how to make the pick of the story brighter. It can be reached by putting your hero in a difficult and desperate conditions, which will make him a victim rather than a victor. Make you character balance on a hair-stroke between failure and victory. It will definitely make the readers engaged till the last page. Do not forget about fight scene dialogue. It definitely must not be a long one. However, a couple of cool phrases and expressions will add dramatic quality to the moment. The other element that can be used to make the story more interesting is an effect of ticking clock. The plot will be more fascinating, if the main character is limited in time to solve some problem of to defeat his enemy. You can also try to make a reader care for the characters who need help in a story. If these characters are well-developed, it will be much more thrilling for us to wait until they are rescued by the hero. Try to create a villain who is strong enough to defeat your hero. If we know that the main character can die in the final fight, it will raise doubts about the story ending. Is not it the effect we are trying to reach? Final scene or final fight is called final because it usually starts at the end of the book. Many writers who think that drawing a long fight is what the readers need are wrong. Believe us, no matter how many times your character will use his super powers, if the fight lasts for 20 last pages of a book, everyone will easily get bored. Keep it short and keep it tense. Our article is a basic outline of how to write a fight scene in third person. Stick to our recommendations and you will definitely come up with a terrific fight scene!

Nile Crocodile Facts (Crocodylus niloticus)

Nile Crocodile Facts (Crocodylus niloticus) The Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) is a large freshwater African reptile. It is responsible for the most deaths from any animal as a predator preying on humans, yet crocodiles serve an important ecological function. The Nile crocodile eats carcasses that pollute water and controls predatory fish that could overeat smaller fish used as food by many other species. Fast Facts: Nile Crocodile Scientific Name: Crocodylus niloticusCommon Names: Nile crocodile, African crocodile, common crocodile, black crocodileBasic Animal Group: ReptileSize: 10-20 feetWeight: 300-1650 poundsLifespan: 50-60 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Freshwater wetlands of sub-Saharan AfricaPopulation: 250,000Conservation Status: Least Concern Description The Nile crocodile is the second-largest reptile in the world after the saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus). Nile crocodiles have thick, armored skin that is dark bronze with black stripes and spots on the back, greenish-yellow side stripes, and yellow scales on the belly. Crocodiles have four short legs, long tails, and elongated jaws with conical teeth. Their eyes, ears, and nostrils are on top of the head. Males are about 30% larger than females. Average size ranges between 10 and 20 feet in length and anywhere from 300 to 1,650 pounds in weight. A Nile crocodile may carry her young in her mouth or on her back. Gallo Images-Roger De La Harpe / Getty Images Habitat and Distribution The Nile crocodile is native to Africa. It lives in freshwater marshes, swamps, lakes, streams, and rivers of sub-Saharan Africa, the Nile basin, and Madagascar. It is an invasive species in Florida, but it is unknown whether the population is reproducing. Although it is a freshwater species, the Nile crocodile has salt glands and sometimes enters brackish and marine waters. Diet and Behavior Crocodiles are apex predators that hunt animals up to twice their size. Young crocodiles eat invertebrates and fish, while larger ones may take any animal. They also feed on carcasses, other crocodiles (including members of their own species), and sometimes fruit. Like other crocodilians, they ingest stones as gastroliths, which may help digest food or act as ballast. Crocodiles are ambush predators that wait for prey to come within range, lunge at the target, and sink their teeth into it to drag it into water to drown, die from sudden thrashing movements, or be torn apart with help from other crocodiles. At night, crocodiles may leave the water and ambush prey on land. The Nile crocodile spends most of the day partially exposed in shallow water or basking on land. Crocodiles may bask with open mouths to prevent overheating or as a threat display for other crocodiles. Reproduction and Offspring Nile crocodiles reach sexual maturity between 12 and 16 years of age, when males are about 10 feet 10 inches long and females are between 7 and 10 feet long. Mature males breed every year, while females only breed once every two to three years. Males attract females by making noises, slapping their snouts in water, and blowing water out through their noses. Males may battle other males for breeding rights. Females lay eggs a month or two after breeding. Nesting can occur at any time of year, but tends to coincide with the dry season. The female digs a nest in the sand or soil several feet from the water and deposits between 25 and 80 eggs. The heat of the soil incubates the eggs and determines the sex of the offspring, with males only resulting from temperatures between 89 Â °F and 94 Â °F. The female guards the nest until the eggs hatch, which takes about 90 days. Near the end of the incubation period, the young make high-pitched chirps to alert the female to dig out the eggs. She may use her mouth to help her offspring hatch. After they have hatched, she may carry them in her mouth to water. While she guards her offspring for up to two years, they hunt their own food immediately after hatching. Despite her care, only about 10% of the eggs survive to hatching and 1% of hatchlings reach maturity. Mortality is high because the eggs and young are food for many other species. In captivity, Nile crocodiles live 50 to 60 years. They may have a potential lifespan of 70 to 100 years in the wild. A Nile crocodile has an egg tooth that it uses to help hatch from an egg. hphimagelibrary / Getty Images Conservation Status The Nile crocodile faced extinction in the 1960s. Today, the IUCN classifies the species conservation status as least concern. However, Nile crocodile numbers are decreasing. CITES lists the Nile crocodile under Appendix I (threatened with extinction) throughout most of its range. Researchers estimate 250,000 to 500,000 individuals live in the wild. Crocodiles are protected in part of their range and are raised in captivity. Threats The species faces multiple threats to its survival, including habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting for meat and leather, poaching, pollution, entanglement in fishing nets, and persecution. Invasive plant species also pose a threat, as they alter the temperature of crocodile nests and prevent eggs from hatching. Nile Crocodiles and Humans Crocodiles are farmed for their leather. In the wild, they have a reputation as man-eaters. The Nile crocodile together with the saltwater crocodile kills hundreds or sometimes thousands of people each year. Females with nests are aggressive, plus large adults hunt humans. Field biologists attribute the high number of attacks to a general lack of caution around crocodile-occupied areas. Studies indicate planned land management and public education could reduce human-crocodile conflict. Sources Crocodile Specialist Group 1996. Crocodylus niloticus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1996: e.T46590A11064465. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T46590A11064465.enDunham, K. M.; Ghiurghi, A.; Cumbi, R. Urbano, F. Human–wildlife conflict in Mozambique: a national perspective, with emphasis on wildlife attacks on humans. Oryx. 44 (2): 185, 2010. doi:10.1017/S003060530999086XThorbjarnarson, J. Crocodile tears and skins: international trade, economic constraints, and limits to the sustainable use of crocodilians. Conservation Biology. 13 (3): 465–470, 1999. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.00011.xWallace, K. M. A. J. Leslie. Diet of the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Journal of Herpetology. 42 (2): 361, 2008. doi:10.1670/07-1071.1Wood, Gerald. The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats. Sterling Publishing Co Inc., 1983. ISBN 978-0-85112-235-9.

Reducing the Age of Drinking to 18 Years in the U.S Research Paper

Reducing the Age of Drinking to 18 Years in the U.S - Research Paper Example It also suggests that a small percentage of drinkers consumes most of the alcohol. This small percentage often consumes several drinks at once increasing the risk of serious health and safety problems. When compared to the data representing underage drinkers the following conclusions were made, the proportion of young drinkers who report heavy drinking is higher than for adults the image being 43 percent for adults and 50 percent for young drinkers (U.S. Department of justice 1,2). The reason behind federal law regulating the age for alcohol consumption was due to the rise in highway fatalities. The uniform drinking age act of 1984 threatened to withdraw highway funds from the state that failed to increase the minimum legal drinking age to 21. This law saved lives this was due to the decline in motor vehicle fatalities (Miron and Tetellbaum 10). Economically speaking in order to consider the minimum age of drinking an estimation of the loss in consumer surplus that results from reduc ing people’s alcohol consumption is put into consideration. It also requires the benefits to the drinker and to others from reducing alcohol related harms. Lowering of the drinking age in U.S. to 18 has been a primary effort for most activists the argument being 18 is the age agreed upon by most states. Again, 18 is the age of the majority for other activities such as voting military service serving on the jury. These facts make 18 a focal point when we compare U.S. to other countries who have set their age at 18 (Carpenter and Dobkin 135). The age set by U.S. is the highest in the world, majority of the rest of the world have the minimum age at 17 or 16 others have no minimum age. Many supporters of the minimum age argue that the human brain develops until the age of 21. However, many experts are keen on dismissing this point saying it would mean that only the U.S hold on to this idea. The current federal age as argued by most critics seemed to have reduced the total underag e consumption. However, they argue that underage persons who consumed alcohol are more likely to do so behind closed doors. The danger would be their overindulgence in alcohol consumption as soon as the get access to the stuff. Mitchell who is a supporter of the reducing of the minimum age to 18 argues that the reduction in highway fatalities is due to safer and better-built cars and the increased awareness of the dangers in drinking and driving. Mitchell points out that delaying of young adults exposure to alcohol is not a bright idea (310). Most college students support the idea of lowering the drinking age to 1. According to the daily sundial, some of the reports quoted illustrates that most young people found it ok for young people to enjoy themselves after a long week of studying and working. Others argued that 18 was the focal point age whereby things opened up it are the age that one acquired multiple obligations. Others argued from a health perspective saying, alcohol is hea lthy when consumed in moderation it reduces the risk of heart diseases to lowering the likelihood of gallstones. The argument is taken further by comparing other countries such as china France Italy and Spain whose minimum legal drinking age is 18. The youth in these countries are allowed to consume alcohol; however, they are taught to drink in moderation. The youth state that the current law is unreasonable and ineffective in that young people always have

Human Resources Development Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Human Resources Development - Assignment Example It can be considered as a more practical and application based indicator of learning styles. Here, a psychometric questionnaire is prepared for evaluating the different personalities of individuals. Learning curve can be described as the learning process, taking place over a specific time period. It can be about learning a specific topic or area or gaining knowledge about a development. This learning curve can be of many forms. For instance, it can be steep, such as, in case of crash or short-term courses or it can be lengthy. In general, learning curve depends on what is being learned as well as learning capabilities of the individuals. The major role of learning curve in an organisation is transferring of experiences and overall learning of various activities in the workplace as well as achieving greater productivity. Learning is considered as ineffective, if it cannot be transmitted from past experience to present job or if it fails to provide positive results in business. Transfer of workplace learning is critical as it not only provides a real time and application based experience to workers, but also has innumerable scope for individual development in future. Workplace kn owledge transfer is also a good way of disseminating organisational learning as well as motivating individuals and teams to share their ideas and suggestions for business benefits. Thus, employees start linking learning process with improvement in performance, which subsequently leads to better organisational outcome. 1. Behaviourist Theory: According to this theory, external stimuli like, experiences, result in learning. Emphasis is given on conditioning and nurturing. Here, stimulus can be any change in the surrounding or environment and the immediate reaction of an individual will be the response. 2. Cognitive Theory: This theory stresses on improving the creative ability of employees, during the learning process.

Exemplification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Exemplification - Essay Example For instance, dialogue, holding and handling cell phones divert the driver’s attention and decreases their cognizance of their environments. Therefore, there odds of triggering an accident escalatesintensely. In response to this most state legislations have applied legislative and driver education measures. Virtually all car drivers are reported to have used a cell phone while driving. In this case, drivers are 5.4 times more likely to cause an accident while driving when compared to other drivers who are not using cells phones. For instance, car drivers who were using their cell phones were 0.09 times slower in responding to road use cues, 0.19 times more likely to be unresponsive to road lane speed limits (especially following braking), and 0.24 times more likely to misjudge vehicle distances while on the road. In this respect, cell phone distraction has been reported to cause a fifth of all reported road accidents (Strayer and Johnston 462). As earlier stated, cell phones distractions are to blame for a large number of road fatalities. In reference to that, most jurisdictions have enacted legislation that regulate cell phone use by car drivers with all drivers criminally liable of found contravening the legislation. For instance, New York State has enacted regulations that criminalize any form of cell phone use by drivers; terming cell phones use by drivers as dangerous and impractical. In addition to regulations, driver education has been termed as a key program to address cell phones use by drivers. Consequently, governments and legislators have determined that cell phone use by drivers is a dangerous habit (Noder 238). Research reports that most drivers are aware that cell phone use while driving increases their likelihood of causing an accident. In this case, they acknowledge that if they are repeatedly and consistently educated on the dangers of using cell phones while driving

Hunting Should Not Be Outlawed Essay Example for Free

Hunting Should Not Be Outlawed Essay Hunting should not be outlawed. It is still a source of food for people who still live off the land . Hunting can be a very effective method of population control. Hunting is a sport of tradition it offers recreation from everyday life. Hunting animals for food is better for people because it does not have all the hormones that farm raised animals have. There aren’t very many diseases that affect humans in wild animals. Majority of the animals that have seasons are edible. Hunting is a very effective method of population control. If too many animals of one species or several related species live in one area they could possible wipe out there entire food source or sources. Then many of them would starve to death which unknown to the tree huggers that want to stop this is a very painful death, being shot is a very quick painless death. Hunting can save an ecosystem and entire species, by killing some of the animals in the ecosystem you can save the food source for the animals still left living. Hunting is a tradition in most of the world. People have been hunting for tens of thousands of years. Many people still use hunting as their many food source throughout the world. It is also a recreational activity. Tradition’s should not be outlawed. Hunting can help save the environment in which they live in by population control. It is a source of food. It’s an activity that people have been using to get away from society as we know it for several years. In conclusion Hunting should not be outlawed.

Supply Chain Management Essay -- business processes, SCOR model

Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the integration of information, technologies and management of key business functions which is linked directly or indirectly and provides services to the same customer. It promotes the flow of products downstream from raw materials to the end consumer and the flow of information upstream from consumer to supplier [1]. In above figure it explains that raw materials is procured and then it goes to the supplier for processing of raw material, suppliers supplies the processed raw materials to the manufactures, producers transform these raw material into finished goods, distributors delivers finished goods, packed materials to customers or retailers and retailers sell that product to consumers. Supply chain management was introduced due to inability of the organizations to understand the entire string of activities that governed the delivery of the product to the final customer. Previously companies were too restricted in their outlook and were concerned only with activities within their own boundaries. In essence, supply chain management integrates supply and demand management within and across companies. SCM ensures higher efficiency of modern businesses, by coordinating and synchronizing various organizations in the supply chain [2]. There are a variety of supply chain models, which address both the upstream and downstream sides. The SCOR (Supply-Chain Operations Reference) model. This literature review gives a brief description of the SCOR model. 2. BACKGROUND 2.1. THE SUPPLY CHAIN COUNCIL Supply Chain Council (SCC) is a global nonprofit organization (NGO) whose framework, improvement methodology, training, certification and benchmarking tools help member organizations make dramatic,... ...espread use of SCOR model. 10. REFERENCES [1] SASCM Student association of supply chain management, Weber State University. [2] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain [3] Supply Chain Council (2010), Supply-Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model, Version 10, Supply-Chain Council, Inc, 2010 [4] Supply Chain Council (2008), Supply-Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model, Version 9 Overview, Supply-Chain Council, Inc, 2008. [5] Peter Bolstorff and Robert Rosenbaum. Supply Chain Excellence: A Handbook for Dramatic Improvement Using the SCOR Model. Broadway, NY: American Management Association, 2003. [6] https://supply-chain.org/f/SCOR-Overview-Web.pdf [7] Samuel H. Huan, Sunil K. Sheoran, Ge Wang, (2004) "A review and analysis of supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model", Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, Vol. 9 Iss: 1, pp.23 - 29

Plato’s Forms

Eric Morin 103317083 01-26-285 Professor L. Buj Jan 16, 2011 Plato’s Criticism On Deceptive Forms Plato’s critique of art operates on two levels, the ontological and the moral. Both levels are interpreted within disdain taste as Plato proposes that the banishment of art could actually bring fourth a closer connection between humanity and truth. His argument against the existence of art as well as its functioning purposes will be further discussed in this paper. Plato’s ontological view on the existence of art looks deep within the nature as well as its overall properties rather bitterly.Plato’s attack on art does not merely constitute visual art, but rather holds a more expansive scope reaching into literature and especially poetry. For Plato, art is accountable for multiple negative influences, which affect all audiences who try to interpret it. These influences are what Plato believes hinders humanity towards aspiring truth. Art for Plato receives negati ve attention at the moment of creation. Plato believes that the thoughts processed by the creator and/or artist are far from original and are alternatively imitations of the real world hich are themselves distant from the ideal Forms. These ideal Forms consist of the ultimate paradigms in our universe containing truth and 2 absolute wholeness, thus proposing a problem for Plato. These copies of copies are referred to as mimesis. During the grandeur search of truth, mimesis serves the audience deceit and alarmingly leads them farther from the ideal Forms. As mentioned in the text, â€Å"Because mimesis presents us with an inferior copy of a copy, poetry takes its listeners away from rather than toward the ideal Forms† (Leitch 43).The hypocrisy surrounding literature proves to be troublesome for Plato on a multitude of levels. In the search for completeness, art not only fails to provide insight toward truth but rather, is actually lying to you. This mimetic stance held within the nature of art is believed to be nothing more than fabrication. Plato maintains his argument by stating that as the audience is deceptively reeled into a degraded mind state, truth is less obtainable. Introduced in the text, â€Å"Because [Literature] stories are fictional, made up, literature is dangerous; it roduces only lies† (43). Plato not only bashes art on an ontological level, but also finds problems morally. During deception and degradation through imitation within text, Plato analyzes the problems art has within its nature and relates that to the morality of audience. He argues that if art is further removing oneself from the truth, than it cannot be in the best interest of man. Thus, banishment of art would be the only way to restore deception and appease humanity. 3 Plato begins by focusing on the dangerous elements of art and its affect on young minds.His argument states, â€Å"Now, do you appreciate that the most important stage of any enterprise is the begi nning, especially when something young and sensitive is involved? † (46). In this part of the text, Plato is trying to explain that not only is the young mind fragile enough to easily fall into this created trap of deceit, but also that ruining the quest for truth at a young age brings upon negative consequences for all of humanity. Argued furthermore, â€Å"No young person is to hear stories which suggest that were he to commit the vilest of crimes †¦ he wouldn’t be doing anything out of the rdinary, but would simply be behaving like the first and greatest gods† (47). Here Plato is arguing that the falsehood within stories can fantasize young minds into ultimately developing enhanced personas, which escalates into degradation of truth in reality. Plato further extends his argument on art and morality into the minds of all humans. Since art is of a deceitful nature according to Plato, it cannot undertone any good found within the text but is instead consider ed the primary fault within literature. Thus, the deception in which the audience resorts to is ultimately proposed as egative and unneeded. Different from a beneficial spoken lie, Plato states about literature, â€Å"All I’m saying is that no one is happy at being 4 lied to and deceived in his mind about the facts† (51). One of Plato’s biggest moral issues with art explores the depiction of human kind in literature. He believes that in order to truly display characteristics of a character we are not only mending the emotions and feelings to suit the text itself but for our own personal capacity. This sort of mutilation of character not only revives the notion of eception within literature but again bringing treason to our own reality. By distorting the character, we would be digging through created deceit as well as misinterpreting the true meaning of what was intended. Plato not only rejects our created distortion, but also feels as though the author creates t his misinterpretation in a deceptive way. As Plato addresses, â€Å"What we’d claim, I imagine, is that poets and prose-writers misrepresent people in extremely important ways† (58). A real life example of artwork that could be examined and placed under Plato’s critical thinking rests in Versailles.There, artist Jeff Koons has created a replica of an inflatable lobster that hangs down from the ceiling for all to see. The lobster seems to be created as though it is soft to touch and friendly to the eyes. Already our senses have been deceived. As Plato would primarily analyze the creationist, we find that Jeff 5 Koons has not only produced a copy of a copy, but adds double the mimetic stages. Plato would argue that Jeff’s original thought has come from an ideal Form, followed by his initial drawing, then an addition of computer enhancement, and lastly interpreted and actually reated by fellow minds in his workshop. This notion sets the idea that Jeff is rat her far from being the creationist, which is deceptive to audience in itself. Plato’s ontological stance would prove testy and unacceptable, as mimetic deceit is thoroughly prevalent within the whole of this piece. Plato would then examine the piece of art and relate it to morality. As this specific piece hangs down appearing soft and inflatable, it as well is deceitful in itself. Made out of metal, the lobster looms above the heads of audiences worldwide. Confusing to our senses, he would isapprove the artworks influence and be especially concerned for child observers. Plato would believe that not only is the nature of this piece deceptive, but our outtake of what we have witnessed would follow suit. In all of this deception, Plato would argue that artwork does indeed lead humanity farther from the truth and most importantly from primary ideal Forms, thus resulting in banishment being the primal response. 6 Works Cited Leitch, Vincent B. , ed. The Norton Anthology of Theory & Criticism. New York, NY: Norton, 2010. Print.

Macbeth, a Play Full of Darkness Essay

Macbeth is a play full of darkness, evil, and tragedy. It is the story of a man who goes against his conscience and commits a horrible deed which leads to his destruction and loss of everything he has around him. This includes the relationship he has with his wife, Lady Macbeth. In the beginning we see Lady Macbeth playing the more superior, more dominating role of the two. She comes across as a woman, who is persuasive and manipulative. She seems willing to trample anyone in order to get what she wants. She lays all the plans and all Macbeth has to do is obey her commands. Macbeth on the other hand is fickle-minded and unsure. We discover that the man, who is praised so highly by the public is actually a weak man. We see that he is not the brave loyal man he is portrayed to be in the beginning. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth have a very strong relationship but this later deteriorates. Act 1 Scene 5 is a key scene which shows just how close Macbeth and Lady Macbeth were at the beginning of the play ;it shows their original relationship. Macbeth has written a letter to Lady Macbeth telling her of everything and in this letter states â€Å"my dearest partner† which shows that she helped him and they are in it together. . The following speech where Lady Macbeth doubts that he can get to the title of King â€Å"he is too full of the milk of human kindness† shows just how close they were. It establishes the fact that she knew him so well, she knew what he was like and it emphasises the closeness of their relationship. She speaks of how he has enough ambition but not enough courage. His â€Å"overiding ambition† is not enough. When Macbeth and Lady Macbeth speak, they speak to eachother with such closeness and bond ;he calls her his â€Å"dearest chuck†, his â€Å"partner of greatness†. She knows that he is too weak to do anything and states her position in the murder â€Å"leave the rest to me†. In Act 1, Scene 7 shows the force and power that Lady Macbeth has over her husband. Upon hearing of Macbeth’s decision not to kill Duncan, she is outraged and starts to work her force and power upon him. She knows where he is most vulnerable and attacks him at his weak spot. She strikes him at his manhood and courage. This of course works on Macbeth and she knows that it will. No one calls Macbeth a coward. She says that he is a coward and attacks his manliness. â€Å"to be more than what you are, you would be so much more the man†. She challenges his love for her and says that she would rather â€Å"dash the brains out† of her own child than break such a promise as Macbeth has to her. At this point in the play, Shakespeare re-confirms just how close the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth is and that she has the power and he listens to whatever she has to say. Lady Macbeth is s major influence on Macbeth, but this of course changes later. After the murder, Macbeth is still carrying the daggers and he seems to be quiet and uneasy. Lady Macbeth has to clean up what he has done wrong and has to return the daggers herself. Lady Macbeth is still very much in control. Here, Shakespeare defines both Lady Macbeth and Macbeth’s strong and weak characters. Lady Macbeth being the strong one yet as a duo, he tones them down to be nothing but two whispering, frightened villains. Later on, when Macduff discovers the body of Duncan, Macbeth acts suspiciously and draws attention to himself. It is then that Lady Macbeth has to help him out and draw the attention away from him and to her by fainting. She does this later too, during the banquet scene. Lady Macbeth is always there to take the attention away from Macbeth. However, towards the end of the play, Lady Macbeth, comes across as one who has succumbed to her guilt. She discovers that nothing that she does could rid her off her guilt, by admitting that even the ‘sweet-smelling erfumes of Arabia’ would not be able to remove the stench of blood from her ‘little hand’. She now takes up the role of the weak, submissive partner in the relationship, who is unsure of herself and very frightened of the future. Macbeth, on the other hand, now makes all his decisions by himself, and reaches the extent whereto he does not even bother to inform his wife of his plans. He gains false confidence from the witches second predictions and builds castles in the air. He becomes a tyrant and a man, despised and hated by his public. He becomes ‘insane’ and goes out of control.

Trust essays

Trust essays Lack of trust is a reoccurring theme through out the three cases. One might ask, why you need trust in any civil society? Lack of trust in a civil society has the society with no real stability. Trust in authority is lacking in each case. The approval rating for Bill Clinton is high. Does this mean that most Americans trust Bill Cliton? Most polls would tell that trust is a serious issue. So, what is the consequences of Americans not having trust in there president? It cant be to bad because the economy is doing great and the budget and finally balanced. Most Americans are happy so what is the problem? The lack of trust is a direct correlation with weak and/or illegitimate authority. Trust with our president has always been a sensitive issue. Richard Nixion broke that trust with the country and sealed the fate for himself and his party for a short term. No one really understood why Nixon had ordered the break in of the democratic offices in the first place. What made matters worse is Nixion never came out and admitted his mistake even when the evidence was overwhelming. Clintons case has some similarities to it. While he finally did come out and admit what he had done he showed little remorse and accusations still remain about a cover up. The lack of trust in a political position in this country tends to the norm. It is created and redefined every day in Washington with a political figure. This creates an image and a strong stereotype for all political figures. This in turn hurts all of our civil society. Without the trust then how do you have the legitimate authority to lead the country. Most would say that Clintons leadership really is not the question but his judgment is. To me, that is a contradiction and that poor judgment leads to poor leadership. His poor judgment leads to his ethics and morals that he has. People with weak family values will have a hard time tru ...